Xylazine is an important animal sedative used to facilitate the safe handling and treatment of many species. Recently, illicit xylazine is increasingly showing up in street drugs as traffickers have begun mixing xylazine with fentanyl and other narcotics. Collaborative efforts among congressional offices, the AVMA, stakeholders, and federal agencies to address the complexities of the xylazine issue led to the introduction of the Combating Illicit Xylazine Act (H.R. 1839/S. 993) – an AVMA-supported, bipartisan bill that would provide harsher penalties for trafficking illicit xylazine while maintaining current veterinary access to this important animal sedative. Please join the veterinary community and urge your members of Congress to support the Combating Illicit Xylazine Act through the AVMA’s Congressional Advocacy Network.
Category: Important News
American Heartworm Society Survey
APEX, NC —The American Heartworm Society (AHS) is urging veterinarians to participate in the 2022 AHS Heartworm Incidence Survey.
The AHS maps, dating back to 2001, are generated every three years and are widely used by veterinarians, animal shelters, animal rescue organizations and media to educate the pet-owning public about the threat of heartworm disease. The maps, which are built using data submitted by thousands of veterinary practices and animal shelters, also provide vital insights for veterinary professionals about trends in heartworm incidence and the spread of heartworms into new areas of the country.
“Each veterinary practice that submits data enables the AHS to create a more comprehensive and useful map,” states AHS President Jenni Rizzo, DVM. “We urge every practice—large or small—to take a few short minutes to submit their information.”
The deadline to submit survey data on heartwormsociety.org/2022survey is March 15, 2023. The new 2022 AHS map will be made available in April as part of Heartworm Awareness Month.
HVMA Mentorship Program
The HVMA MENTORSHIP PROGRAM is still looking for mentees and mentors who are interested in connecting with the Hawaii veterinary community! The program is aimed to provide guidance for mentees who are recent graduate veterinarians who graduated from 2018 to 2023 while building strong, long-lasting relationships among the veterinarians in Hawaii. Mentors have the opportunity to provide knowledge, skills, and experience to recent graduate veterinarians on various topics! Interested in being a part of the HVMA Mentorship program? We’d love for you to join us!
Sign up here:
In addition, the HVMA Mentorship program has collaborated with “MentorVet”, which is a five-month, 5-10 CE RACE virtual mentorship and professional development program that promotes wellbeing in the transition to practice with a combination of training in professional skills, financial and mental health coaching, and mentorship. HVMA members who are part of the HVMA mentorship are eligible for a DISCOUNTED registration for the MentorVet program. Want to learn more about “MentorVet”? Reach out to Addie Reinhard at addie@mentorvet.net or visit https://www.mentorvet.net/.
Conservation Corner: Hawaiian green sea turtles
While there are several species of marine turtles that can be found in Hawai’i , the most common is the honu, or the Hawaiian green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas). Basking, or resting on the beach or at the water surface, is a behavior unique to this species in Hawai’i that is thought to have a thermoregulatory function. The green sea turtles that are found in Hawai’i are currently listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The good news is that this population is showing some signs of improvement, and nesting is increasing at 3-5% per year. There is a lot that the species still has to contend with in order to be recovered, especially with sea level rise and storms affecting their low-lying nesting grounds: 96% of the population nests at one location, Lalo (French Frigate Shoals) which is located in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and part of Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. Other threats to our honu include fisheries interactions, disease, and boat strikes. When turtles and fisheries interact, it is often the line, not the hook, that is most dangerous for the turtle: the line can cause strangulating injuries to the flippers and line ingestion can lead to GI obstruction. Prevention is always best, so if you enjoy fishing, please dispose of your line properly to keep it out of the marine environment and pick up discarded line anytime you see it. NOAA Fisheries’ FAST (Fishing Around Seals and Turtles) guidelines also say that if you accidentally hook a sea turtle, it is okay to reel it in, cut the line as close to the hook as possible, and release the turtle – IF you feel safe doing so.
As veterinarians, you can also help sea turtles by being knowledgeable about what to do if you are contacted or come across wild turtles that are in trouble. First, pause before taking any immediate veterinary action. Dead turtles or those that are entangled, hooked, injured, or appear sick, should be immediately reported to the Hawaiʻi statewide NOAA Marine Wildlife Hotline at (888) 256-9840. Call this number and wait for a return call for further guidance. If you observe illegal activity, such as harassment or illegal fishing/gear, send photos or video (including contact information of the suspected perpetrators) to RespectWildlife@noaa.gov and the Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources (the DLNRTip app is a rapid and effective way of filing such reports, or you can contact DLNR at (808) 643-DLNR).
2022 Legislative Update – SB2798
SB2798 was signed into law by the governor in June. This bill amends the veterinary practice law in Hawaii to better define the practice and parameters of veterinary medicine and veterinary telemedicine to protect consumers and their pets from inadequate, improper, or unlicensed veterinary care. This bill also helps to address the shortage of licensed veterinarians in Hawaii by allowing the temporary permitting of out-of-state veterinarians, providing for international veterinary school graduates to qualify for licensure examination in Hawaii, and extending the amount of time that out-of-state veterinarians may practice in Hawaii while awaiting their licensing exam date. The HVMA is grateful for support from the American Veterinary Medical Association and across the state from multiple organizations, legislators, and individual citizens to help push this bill across the finish line.
Updated HI State Laws Related to Animals
The following are law changes passed in 2021:
New: Animal sexual assault https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0711/HRS_0711-1109_0008.htm
Amended: Tethering https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0711/HRS_0711-1109.htm
New: Veterinary emergency care https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol10_Ch0436-0474/HRS0471/HRS_0471-0017.htm
New: Veterinary mandatory reporting https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol10_Ch0436-0474/HRS0471/HRS_0471-0018.htm
Microchipping, statewide:
Amended: https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/HRS0143/HRS_0143-0002.htm
New: https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/HRS0143/HRS_0143-0002_0002.htm
Upcoming free training on the role of veterinarians in identifying animal abuse:
Tuesday, May 3rd, 10:00-11:15am HST
https://www.justiceclearinghouse.com/webinar/the-forgotten-partner-in-responding-to-animal-abuse-the-veterinarian/ (registration required)
HB 1598 Hearing Notice 2/8/2022 – Testimony Needed!
HB 1598 will be heard on Tuesday February 8, 2022 at 2pm by the House Committee on Consumer Protection and Commerce via videoconference. Please submit written testimony in support of this bill which will amend Chapter 471, Hawaii Revised Statutes, to better define the practice and parameters of veterinary medicine and veterinary telemedicine to protect Hawaii consumers and their pets from inadequate, improper, or unlicensed veterinary care. In addition, to address the current shortage of licensed veterinarians in Hawaii, this bill will also provide for the temporary permitting of out-of-state veterinarians and ensure international veterinary school graduates of both AVMA Council on Education and AAVSB approved programs are able to qualify for licensure examination in Hawaii. For more background on this bill, see this post.
SB 2798 Hearing Notice 2/7/2022 – Testimony Needed!
SB 2798 will be heard on Monday February 7, 2022 at 1pm by the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Environment via videoconference. Please submit written testimony in support of this bill which will amend Chapter 471, Hawaii Revised Statutes, to better define the practice and parameters of veterinary medicine and veterinary telemedicine to protect Hawaii consumers and their pets from inadequate, improper, or unlicensed veterinary care. In addition, to address the current shortage of licensed veterinarians in Hawaii, this bill will also provide for the temporary permitting of out-of-state veterinarians and ensure international veterinary school graduates of both AVMA Council on Education and AAVSB approved programs are able to qualify for licensure examination in Hawaii. For more background on this bill, see this post.
Legislative Update 2022
The Hawaii Veterinary Medical Association (HVMA) seeks to amend Chapter 471, Hawaii Revised Statutes, to better define the practice and parameters of veterinary medicine and veterinary telemedicine to protect consumers and their pets from inadequate, improper, or unlicensed veterinary care. Further, because there is a shortage of licensed veterinarians in Hawaii, HVMA is proposing to provide for the temporary permitting of out-of-state veterinarians and providing for international veterinary school graduates to qualify for licensure examination in Hawaii.
The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions brought about consumer demand for telehealth in the field of veterinary medicine. Telemedicine has allowed consumers more access to veterinary services for their pets, particularly in areas where access to veterinary care is limited. However, HVMA is aware that the use of telemedicine may also be abused without an established veterinary-client-patient relationship. Without actual physical examination of a pet, veterinary services rendered through telemedicine alone can be inadequate and below the standard of veterinary care. The addition of telehealth definitions and the telemedicine section will help to clarify the practice of veterinary telemedicine and assist the Hawaii Board of Veterinary Medicine in ensuring consumers in Hawaii receive proper and licensed veterinary telemedicine services.
Additionally, the pandemic highlighted the shortage of veterinarians available to provide specialty and routine veterinary care for Hawaii’s people and their pets. At times, veterinary emergency hospitals were unable to operate 24/7 and surgeon schedules were completely booked for months due to the inability to fill these staffing shortages by temporary permit. In one specific case, there was a veterinary surgeon within the state that could have assisted during this period, but due to her international veterinary school degree, was unable to sit for Hawaii’s state licensing exam due to a technicality in the administrative rules. These amendments are critically important to prevent such veterinary care shortages in the future, and ensure that all qualified veterinarians are allowed to sit for the Hawaii state licensing exam.
This bill has currently been introduced to the House (HB 1598) by Representatives Johanson, Hashem, and Nishimoto; and into the Senate (SB 2798) by Senators Lee, Gabbard, Keith-Agaran, Misalucha, Acasio, Ihara, and San Buenaventura . Please take the time to thank them for their support, and write your local representative to ask for theirs!
African Swine Fever
African Swine Fever (ASF) virus is a highly contagious Asfivirus that can cause serious disease and death in domestic and feral swine. The disease originated in Africa, then spread to Europe (2007) and Asia (2018). In 2021, the disease was detected in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, marking the first time the disease was diagnosed in the western hemisphere in 40 years.
ASFV is transmitted directly between pigs or indirectly via Ornithodoros ticks, ingestion of infected meat, or fomites. Meat from infected animals can remain infectious for up to 5 months.
After exposure, the incubation period is between 3-19 days. In the peracute form, sudden death may be observed. In the acute form, pigs demonstrate high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abortion, and mortality (up to 100%). Less virulent subacute or chronic forms are often seen with less intense symptoms and lower mortality. A small number of animals can become lifelong carriers. No vaccine or treatment for this disease exists. The disease does not infect humans and poses no food safety threat.
International travelers should understand the risk of bringing ASF into the US, declare items and farm visits to US Customs, and avoid farms or locations with pigs for at least 5 days upon return.
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